891
| Narrated
Al-Miswar bin Makhrama and Marwan: (whose narrations attest each other)
Allah's Apostle set out at the time of Al-Hudaibiya (treaty), and when
they proceeded for a distance, he said, "Khalid bin Al-Walid leading the
cavalry of Quraish constituting the front of the army, is at a place
called Al-Ghamim, so take the way on the right." By Allah, Khalid did
not perceive the arrival of the Muslims till the dust arising from the
march of the Muslim army reached him, and then he turned back hurriedly
to inform Quraish. The Prophet went on advancing till he reached the
Thaniyya (i.e. a mountainous way) through which one would go to them
(i.e. people of Quraish). The she-camel of the Prophet sat down. The
people tried their best to cause the she-camel to get up but in vain, so
they said, "Al-Qaswa' (i.e. the she-camel's name) has become stubborn!
Al-Qaswa' has become stubborn!" The Prophet said, "Al-Qaswa' has not
become stubborn, for stubbornness is not her habit, but she was stopped
by Him Who stopped the elephant." Then he said, "By the Name of Him in
Whose Hands my soul is, if they (i.e. the Quraish infidels) ask me
anything which will respect the ordinances of Allah, I will grant it to
them." The Prophet then rebuked the she-camel and she got up. The
Prophet changed his way till he dismounted at the farthest end of
Al-Hudaibiya at a pit (i.e. well) containing a little water which the
people used in small amounts, and in a short while the people used up
all its water and complained to Allah's Apostle; of thirst. The Prophet
took an arrow out of his arrow-case and ordered them to put the arrow in
that pit. By Allah, the water started and continued sprouting out till
all the people quenched their thirst and returned with satisfaction.
While they were still in that state, Budail bin Warqa-al-Khuza'i came
with some persons from his tribe Khuza'a and they were the advisers of
Allah's Apostle who would keep no secret from him and were from the
people of Tihama. Budail said, "I left Kab bin Luai and 'Amir bin Luai
residing at the profuse water of Al-Hudaibiya and they had milch camels
(or their women and children) with them, and will wage war against you,
and will prevent you from visiting the Kaba." Allah's Apostle said, "We
have not come to fight anyone, but to perform the 'Umra. No doubt, the
war has weakened Quraish and they have suffered great losses, so if they
wish, I will conclude a truce with them, during which they should
refrain from interfering between me and the people (i.e. the 'Arab
infidels other than Quraish), and if I have victory over those infidels,
Quraish will have the option to embrace Islam as the other people do,
if they wish; they will at least get strong enough to fight. But if they
do not accept the truce, by Allah in Whose Hands my life is, I will
fight with them defending my Cause till I get killed, but (I am sure)
Allah will definitely make His Cause victorious." Budail said, "I will
inform them of what you have said." So, he set off till he reached
Quraish and said, "We have come from that man (i.e. Muhammad) whom we
heard saying something which we will disclose to you if you should
like." Some of the fools among Quraish shouted that they were not in
need of this information, but the wiser among them said, "Relate what
you heard him saying." Budail said, "I heard him saying so-and-so,"
relating what the Prophet had told him. Urwa bin Mas'ud got up and said,
"O people! Aren't you the sons? They said, "Yes." He added, "Am I not
the father?" They said, "Yes." He said, "Do you mistrust me?" They said,
"No." He said, "Don't you know that I invited the people of 'Ukaz for
your help, and when they refused I brought my relatives and children and
those who obeyed me (to help you)?" They said, "Yes." He said, "Well,
this man (i.e. the Prophet) has offered you a reasonable proposal, you'd
better accept it and allow me to meet him." They said, "You may meet
him." So, he went to the Prophet and started talking to him. The Prophet
told him almost the same as he had told Budail. Then Urwa said, "O
Muhammad! Won't you feel any scruple in extirpating your relations? Have
you ever heard of anyone amongst the Arabs extirpating his relatives
before you? On the other hand, if the reverse should happen, (nobody
will aid you, for) by Allah, I do not see (with you) dignified people,
but people from various tribes who would run away leaving you alone."
Hearing that, Abu Bakr abused him and said, "Do you say we would run and
leave the Prophet alone?" Urwa said, "Who is that man?" They said, "He
is Abu Bakr." Urwa said to Abu Bakr, "By Him in Whose Hands my life is,
were it not for the favor which you did to me and which I did not
compensate, I would retort on you." Urwa kept on talking to the Prophet
and seizing the Prophet's beard as he was talking while Al-Mughira bin
Shu'ba was standing near the head of the Prophet, holding a sword and
wearing a helmet. Whenever Urwa stretched his hand towards the beard of
the Prophet, Al-Mughira would hit his hand with the handle of the sword
and say (to Urwa), "Remove your hand from the beard of Allah's Apostle."
Urwa raised his head and asked, "Who is that?" The people said, "He is
Al-Mughira bin Shu'ba." Urwa said, "O treacherous! Am I not doing my
best to prevent evil consequences of your treachery?" Before embracing
Islam Al-Mughira was in the company of some people. He killed them and
took their property and came (to Medina) to embrace Islam. The Prophet
said (to him, "As regards your Islam, I accept it, but as for the
property I do not take anything of it. (As it was taken through
treason). Urwa then started looking at the Companions of the Prophet. By
Allah, whenever Allah's Apostle spat, the spittle would fall in the
hand of one of them (i.e. the Prophet's companions) who would rub it on
his face and skin; if he ordered them they would carry his orders
immediately; if he performed ablution, they would struggle to take the
remaining water; and when they spoke to him, they would lower their
voices and would not look at his face constantly out of respect. Urwa
returned to his people and said, "O people! By Allah, I have been to the
kings and to Caesar, Khosrau and An-Najashi, yet I have never seen any
of them respected by his courtiers as much as Muhammad is respected by
his companions. By Allah, if he spat, the spittle would fall in the hand
of one of them (i.e. the Prophet's companions) who would rub it on his
face and skin; if he ordered them, they would carry out his order
immediately; if he performed ablution, they would struggle to take the
remaining water; and when they spoke, they would lower their voices and
would not look at his face constantly out of respect." Urwa added, "No
doubt, he has presented to you a good reasonable offer, so please accept
it." A man from the tribe of Bani Kinana said, "Allow me to go to him,"
and they allowed him, and when he approached the Prophet and his
companions, Allah's Ap le I said, "He is so-and-so who belongs to the
tribe that respects the Budn (i.e. camels of the sacrifice). So, bring
the Budn in front of him." So, the Budn were brought before him and the
people received him while they were reciting Talbiya. When he saw that
scene, he said, "Glorified be Allah! It is not fair to prevent these
people from visiting the Ka'ba." When he returned to his people, he
said, 'I saw the Budn garlanded (with colored knotted ropes) and marked
(with stabs on their backs). I do not think it is advisable to prevent
them from visiting the Ka'ba." Another person called Mikraz bin Hafs got
up and sought their permission to go to Muhammad, and they allowed him,
too. When he approached the Muslims, the Prophet said, "Here is Mikraz
and he is a vicious man." Mikraz started talking to the Prophet and as
he was talking, Suhail bin Amr came. When Suhail bin Amr came, the
Prophet said, "Now the matter has become easy." Suhail said to the
Prophet "Please conclude a peace treaty with us." So, the Prophet called
the clerk and said to him, "Write: By the Name of Allah, the most
Beneficent, the most Merciful." Suhail said, "As for 'Beneficent,' by
Allah, I do not know what it means. So write: By Your Name O Allah, as
you used to write previously." The Muslims said, "By Allah, we will not
write except: By the Name of Allah, the most Beneficent, the most
Merciful." The Prophet said, "Write: By Your Name O Allah." Then he
dictated, "This is the peace treaty which Muhammad, Allah's Apostle has
concluded." Suhail said, "By Allah, if we knew that you are Allah's
Apostle we would not prevent you from visiting the Kaba, and would not
fight with you. So, write: "Muhammad bin Abdullah." The Prophet said,
"By Allah! I am Apostle of Allah even if you people do not believe me.
Write: Muhammad bin Abdullah." (Az-Zuhri said, "The Prophet accepted all
those things, as he had already said that he would accept everything
they would demand if it respects the ordinance of Allah, (i.e. by
letting him and his companions perform 'Umra.)" The Prophet said to
Suhail, "On the condition that you allow us to visit the House (i.e.
Ka'ba) so that we may perform Tawaf around it." Suhail said, "By Allah,
we will not (allow you this year) so as not to give chance to the 'Arabs
to say that we have yielded to you, but we will allow you next year."
So, the Prophet got that written. Then Suhail said, "We also stipulate
that you should return to us whoever comes to you from us, even if he
embraced your religion." The Muslims said, "Glorified be Allah! How will
such a person be returned to the pagans after he has become a Muslim?
While they were in this state Abu- Jandal bin Suhail bin 'Amr came from
the valley of Mecca staggering with his fetters and fell down amongst
the Muslims. Suhail said, "O Muhammad! This is the very first term with
which we make peace with you, i.e. you shall return Abu Jandal to me."
The Prophet said, "The peace treaty has not been written yet." Suhail
said, "I will never allow you to keep him." The Prophet said, "Yes, do."
He said, "I won't do.: Mikraz said, "We allow you (to keep him)." Abu
Jandal said, "O Muslims! Will I be returned to the pagans though I have
come as a Muslim? Don't you see how much I have suffered?" Abu Jandal
had been tortured severely for the Cause of Allah. Umar bin Al-Khattab
said, "I went to the Prophet and said, 'Aren't you truly the Apostle of
Allah?' The Prophet said, 'Yes, indeed.' I said, 'Isn't our Cause just
and the cause of the enemy unjust?' He said, 'Yes.' I said, 'Then why
should we be humble in our religion?' He said, 'I am Allah's Apostle and
I do not disobey Him, and He will make me victorious.' I said, 'Didn't
you tell us that we would go to the Ka'ba and perform Tawaf around it?'
He said, 'Yes, but did I tell you that we would visit the Ka'ba this
year?' I said, 'No.' He said, 'So you will visit it and perform Tawaf
around it?' " Umar further said, "I went to Abu Bakr and said, 'O Abu
Bakr! Isn't he truly Allah's Prophet?' He replied, 'Yes.' I said, 'Then
why should we be humble in our religion?' He said, 'Indeed, he is
Allah's Apostle and he does not disobey his Lord, and He will make him
victorious. Adhere to him as, by Allah, he is on the right.' I said,
'Was he not telling us that we would go to the Kaba and perform Tawaf
around it?' He said, 'Yes, but did he tell you that you would go to the
Ka'ba this year?' I said, 'No.' He said, "You will go to Ka'ba and
perform Tawaf around it." (Az-Zuhri said, " 'Umar said, 'I performed
many good deeds as expiation for the improper questions I asked them.'
") When the writing of the peace treaty was concluded, Allah's Apostle
said to his companions, "Get up and' slaughter your sacrifices and get
your head shaved." By Allah none of them got up, and the Prophet
repeated his order thrice. When none of them got up, he left them and
went to Um Salama and told her of the people's attitudes towards him. Um
Salama said, "O the Prophet of Allah! Do you want your order to be
carried out? Go out and don't say a word to anybody till you have
slaughtered your sacrifice and call your barber to shave your head." So,
the Prophet went out and did not talk to anyone of them till he did
that, i.e. slaughtered the sacrifice and called his barber who shaved
his head. Seeing that, the companions of the Prophet got up, slaughtered
their sacrifices, and started shaving the heads of one another, and
there was so much rush that there was a danger of killing each other.
Then some believing women came (to the Prophet ); and Allah revealed the
following Divine Verses:-- "O you who believe, when the believing women
come to you as emigrants examine them . . ." (60.10) Umar then divorced
two wives of his who were infidels. Later on Muawiya bin Abu Sufyan
married one of them, and Safwan bin Umaya married the other. When the
Prophet returned to Medina, Abu Basir, a new Muslim convert from Quraish
came to him. The Infidels sent in his pursuit two men who said (to the
Prophet ), "Abide by the promise you gave us." So, the Prophet handed
him over to them. They took him out (of the City) till they reached
Dhul-Hulaifa where they dismounted to eat some dates they had with them.
Abu Basir said to one of them, "By Allah, O so-and-so, I see you have a
fine sword." The other drew it out (of the scabbard) and said, "By
Allah, it is very fine and I have tried it many times." Abu Bair said,
"Let me have a look at it." When the other gave it to him, he hit him
with it till he died, and his companion ran away till he came to Medina
and entered the Mosque running. When Allah's Apostle saw him he said,
"This man appears to have been frightened." When he reached the Prophet
he said, "My companion has been murdered and I would have been murdered
too." Abu Basir came and said, "O Allah's Apostle, by Allah, Allah has
made you fulfill your obligations by your returning me to them (i.e. the
Infidels), but Allah has saved me from them." The Prophet said, "Woe to
his mother! what excellent war kindler he would be, should he only have
supporters." When Abu Basir heard that he understood that the Prophet
would return him to them again, so he set off till he reached the
seashore. Abu Jandal bin Suhail got himself released from them (i.e.
infidels) and joined Abu Basir. So, whenever a man from Quraish embraced
Islam he would follow Abu Basir till they formed a strong group. By
Allah, whenever they heard about a caravan of Quraish heading towards
Sham, they stopped it and attacked and killed them (i.e. infidels) and
took their properties. The people of Quraish sent a message to the
Prophet requesting him for the Sake of Allah and Kith and kin to send
for (i.e. Abu Basir and his companions) promising that whoever (amongst
them) came to the Prophet would be secure. So the Prophet sent for them
(i.e. Abu Basir's companions) and Allah I revealed the following Divine
Verses: "And it is He Who Has withheld their hands from you and your
hands From them in the midst of Mecca, After He made you the victorious
over them. . . . the unbelievers had pride and haughtiness, in their
hearts . . . the pride and haughtiness of the time of ignorance."
(48.24-26) And their pride and haughtiness was that they did not confess
(write in the treaty) that he (i.e. Muhammad) was the Prophet of Allah
and refused to write: "In the Name of Allah, the most Beneficent, the
Most Merciful," and prevented the Mushriks from visiting the Ka'ba.
Narrated Az-Zuhri: Urwa said, "Aisha told me that Allah's Apostle used
to examine the women emigrants. We have been told also that when Allah
revealed the order that the Muslims should return to the pagans what
they had spent on their wives who emigrated (after embracing Islam) and
that the Mushriks should not. keep unbelieving women as their wives,
'Umar divorced two of his wives, Qariba, the daughter of Abu Urhaiya and
the daughter of Jarwal Al-Khuza'i. Later on Mu'awlya married Qariba and
Abu Jahm married the other." When the pagans refused to pay what the
Muslims had spent on their wives, Allah revealed: "And if any of your
wives have gone from you to the unbelievers and you have an accession
(By the coming over of a woman from the other side) (Then pay to those
whose wives have gone) The equivalent of what they had spent (On their
Mahr)." (60.11) So, Allah ordered that the Muslim whose wife, has gone,
should be given, as a compensation of the Mahr he had given to his wife,
from the Mahr of the wives of the pagans who had emigrated deserting
their husbands. We do not know any of the women emigrants who deserted
Islam after embracing it. We have also been told that Abu Basir bin Asid
Ath-Thaqafi came to the Prophet as a Muslim emigrant during the truce.
Al-Akhnas bin Shariq wrote to the Prophet requesting him to return Abu
Basir.
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