814
| Narrated
Abu Huraira: A man from among the people, came to Allah's Apostle while
Allah's Apostle was sitting in the mosque, and addressed him, saying,
"O Allah's Apostle! I have committed an illegal sexual intercourse." The
Prophet turned his face away from him. The man came to that side to
which the Prophet had turned his face, and said, "O Allah's Apostle! I
have committed an illegal intercourse." The Prophet turned his face to
the other side, and the man came to that side, and when he confessed
four times, the Prophet called him and said, "Are you mad?" He said,
"No, O Allah's Apostle!" The Prophet said, "Are you married?" He said,
"Yes, O Allah's Apostle." The Prophet said (to the people), "Take him
away and stone him to death." Ibn Shihab added, "I was told by one who
heard Jabir, that Jabir said, 'I was among those who stoned the man, and
we stoned him at the Musalla ('Id praying Place), and when the stones
troubled him, he jumped quickly and ran away, but we overtook him at
Al-Harra and stoned him to death (there).' "
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817
| Narrated
Ibn 'Abbas: I used to teach (the Qur'an to) some people of the
Muhajirln (emigrants), among whom there was 'Abdur Rahman bin 'Auf.
While I was in his house at Mina, and he was with 'Umar bin Al-Khattab
during 'Umar's last Hajj, Abdur-Rahman came to me and said, "Would that
you had seen the man who came today to the Chief of the Believers
('Umar), saying, 'O Chief of the Believers! What do you think about
so-and-so who says, 'If 'Umar should die, I will give the pledge of
allegiance to such-and-such person, as by Allah, the pledge of
allegiance to Abu Bakr was nothing but a prompt sudden action which got
established afterwards.' 'Umar became angry and then said, 'Allah
willing, I will stand before the people tonight and warn them against
those people who want to deprive the others of their rights (the
question of rulership)." 'Abdur-Rahman said, "I said, 'O Chief of the
believers! Do not do that, for the season of Hajj gathers the riff-raff
and the rubble, and it will be they who will gather around you when you
stand to address the people. And I am afraid that you will get up and
say something, and some people will spread your statement and may not
say what you have actually said and may not understand its meaning, and
may interpret it incorrectly, so you should wait till you reach Medina,
as it is the place of emigration and the place of Prophet's Traditions,
and there you can come in touch with the learned and noble people, and
tell them your ideas with confidence; and the learned people will
understand your statement and put it in its proper place.' On that,
'Umar said, 'By Allah! Allah willing, I will do this in the first speech
I will deliver before the people in Medina." Ibn Abbas added: We
reached Medina by the end of the month of Dhul-Hijja, and when it was
Friday, we went quickly (to the mosque) as soon as the sun had declined,
and I saw Sa'id bin Zaid bin 'Amr bin Nufail sitting at the corner of
the pulpit, and I too sat close to him so that my knee was touching his
knee, and after a short while 'Umar bin Al-Khattab came out, and when I
saw him coming towards us, I said to Said bin Zaid bin 'Amr bin Nufail
"Today 'Umar will say such a thing as he has never said since he was
chosen as Caliph." Said denied my statement with astonishment and said,
"What thing do you expect 'Umar to say the like of which he has never
said before?" In the meantime, 'Umar sat on the pulpit and when the
callmakers for the prayer had finished their call, 'Umar stood up, and
having glorified and praised Allah as He deserved, he said, "Now then, I
am going to tell you something which (Allah) has written for me to say.
I do not know; perhaps it portends my death, so whoever understands and
remembers it, must narrate it to the others wherever his mount takes
him, but if somebody is afraid that he does not understand it, then it
is unlawful for him to tell lies about me. Allah sent Muhammad with the
Truth and revealed the Holy Book to him, and among what Allah revealed,
was the Verse of the Rajam (the stoning of married person (male &
female) who commits illegal sexual intercourse, and we did recite this
Verse and understood and memorized it. Allah's Apostle did carry out the
punishment of stoning and so did we after him. I am afraid that after a
long time has passed, somebody will say, 'By Allah, we do not find the
Verse of the Rajam in Allah's Book,' and thus they will go astray by
leaving an obligation which Allah has revealed. And the punishment of
the Rajam is to be inflicted to any married person (male & female),
who commits illegal sexual intercourse, if the required evidence is
available or there is conception or confession. And then we used to
recite among the Verses in Allah's Book: 'O people! Do not claim to be
the offspring of other than your fathers, as it is disbelief
(unthankfulness) on your part that you claim to be the offspring of
other than your real father.' Then Allah's Apostle said, 'Do not praise
me excessively as Jesus, son of Marry was praised, but call me Allah's
Slave and His Apostles.' (O people!) I have been informed that a speaker
amongst you says, 'By Allah, if 'Umar should die, I will give the
pledge of allegiance to such-and-such person.' One should not deceive
oneself by saying that the pledge of allegiance given to Abu Bakr was
given suddenly and it was successful. No doubt, it was like that, but
Allah saved (the people) from its evil, and there is none among you who
has the qualities of Abu Bakr. Remember that whoever gives the pledge of
allegiance to anybody among you without consulting the other Muslims,
neither that person, nor the person to whom the pledge of allegiance was
given, are to be supported, lest they both should be killed. And no
doubt after the death of the Prophet we were informed that the Ansar
disagreed with us and gathered in the shed of Bani Sa'da. 'Ali and
Zubair and whoever was with them, opposed us, while the emigrants
gathered with Abu Bakr. I said to Abu Bakr, 'Let's go to these Ansari
brothers of ours.' So we set out seeking them, and when we approached
them, two pious men of theirs met us and informed us of the final
decision of the Ansar, and said, 'O group of Muhajirin (emigrants) !
Where are you going?' We replied, 'We are going to these Ansari brothers
of ours.' They said to us, 'You shouldn't go near them. Carry out
whatever we have already decided.' I said, 'By Allah, we will go to
them.' And so we proceeded until we reached them at the shed of Bani
Sa'da. Behold! There was a man sitting amongst them and wrapped in
something. I asked, 'Who is that man?' They said, 'He is Sa'd bin
'Ubada.' I asked, 'What is wrong with him?' They said, 'He is sick.'
After we sat for a while, the Ansar's speaker said, 'None has the right
to be worshipped but Allah,' and praising Allah as He deserved, he
added, 'To proceed, we are Allah's Ansar (helpers) and the majority of
the Muslim army, while you, the emigrants, are a small group and some
people among you came with the intention of preventing us from
practicing this matter (of caliphate) and depriving us of it.' When the
speaker had finished, I intended to speak as I had prepared a speech
which I liked and which I wanted to deliver in the presence of Abu Bakr,
and I used to avoid provoking him. So, when I wanted to speak, Abu Bakr
said, 'Wait a while.' I disliked to make him angry. So Abu Bakr himself
gave a speech, and he was wiser and more patient than I. By Allah, he
never missed a sentence that I liked in my own prepared speech, but he
said the like of it or better than it spontaneously. After a pause he
said, 'O Ansar! You deserve all (the qualities that you have attributed
to yourselves, but this question (of Caliphate) is only for the Quraish
as they are the best of the Arabs as regards descent and home, and I am
pleased to suggest that you choose either of these two men, so take the
oath of allegiance to either of them as you wish. And then Abu Bakr held
my hand and Abu Ubada bin Abdullah's hand who was sitting amongst us. I
hated nothing of what he had said except that proposal, for by Allah, I
would rather have my neck chopped off as expiator for a sin than become
the ruler of a nation, one of whose members is Abu Bakr, unless at the
time of my death my own-self suggests something I don't feel at
present.' And then one of the Ansar said, 'I am the pillar on which the
camel with a skin disease (eczema) rubs itself to satisfy the itching
(i.e., I am a noble), and I am as a high class palm tree! O Quraish.
There should be one ruler from us and one from you.' Then there was a
hue and cry among the gathering and their voices rose so that I was
afraid there might be great disagreement, so I said, 'O Abu Bakr! Hold
your hand out.' He held his hand out and I pledged allegiance to him,
and then all the emigrants gave the Pledge of allegiance and so did the
Ansar afterwards. And so we became victorious over Sa'd bin Ubada (whom
Al-Ansar wanted to make a ruler). One of the Ansar said, 'You have
killed Sa'd bin Ubada.' I replied, 'Allah has killed Sa'd bin Ubada.'
Umar added, "By Allah, apart from the great tragedy that had happened to
us (i.e. the death of the Prophet), there was no greater problem than
the allegiance pledged to Abu Bakr because we were afraid that if we
left the people, they might give the Pledge of allegiance after us to
one of their men, in which case we would have given them our consent for
something against our real wish, or would have opposed them and caused
great trouble. So if any person gives the Pledge of allegiance to
somebody (to become a Caliph) without consulting the other Muslims, then
the one he has selected should not be granted allegiance, lest both of
them should be killed."
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